Definition:
Instructional technology is an effective way to simplify the learning process and optimize the learning outcome through different technological applications and instruments. Instructional technology combines newest technologies, aiming to improve educational processes and results. (Reiser, 2012).
My definition of IT:
I defined IT as it is a study of how to use technology way to think, and use new technology to use in education, business, and society.
Hitsory:
1920’s visual media emerges, technology=any tools to enhance learning.
1930’s industrial training increase, addition of audio to visual instruction.
1940’s WWII-rapid increase in necessity for training military and industrial.
1950’s B.F. Skinner initiates use of programmed instructional materials.
1960’s Gagne Conditions of learning emerges, task analysis refined.
1970’s systems approach to ISD grows, additional ISD models emerge
1980’s use of microcomputer grows, role of cognitive psychology in ISD
1990’s rapid advances in multimedia technology, constructivism emerges
2000’s ongoing technological advances, ISD paradigms converge
Instructional technology is always developing, people re-defined it when there is new technology come out and necessity for learning.
Robert Gagné’s
“Organization is the hallmark of effective instructional materials”
——Robert Gagné
Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction
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Gain attention
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Inform learners of objectives
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Stimulate recall of prior learning
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Present the content
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Provide “learning guidance”
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Elicit performance (practice)
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Provide feedback
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Assess performance
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Enhance retention and transfer to the job
Benjamin Bloom, Bloom’s Taxonomy
My philosophy of education:
Education is a process of learning, both teacher and students can learn from each other. Students learn knowledge from teachers, so they can understand the world, the value, and themselves; teachers learn from students need, what they thought, sometimes learn some new things. As the technology improves, we use them in education to make the learning process more efficiency. So that new technologies can be always created and improved, and by using new technology, education is always going better and better. This is the relationship between education and technology in my philosophy.
Learning theories:
There are three major perspectives on learning and instruction: behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism
Behaviorism means that the external methods stimulates the learner. Education is a way with certain goal to build people’s behavior.
Cognitivism means the learner collect all external simulations and save them in their memory.
Constructivism means the learner could reflect new external events with the knowledge they learned internally.
ETEC 500:
From the course, the first thing I have learned is that the whole thing of what is instruction technology. And then I have learned the history, the philosophy of some famous educators, after that I have learned the three theories, which is behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism. And after that I have read some articles learned the role technology and education. So the course is a kind of a big map, or a director to me.
References:
Reiser, R. A. (2001). A history of instructional design and technology: Part II: A history of instructional design. Educational Technology, Research and Development, 49 (2), 57-67.
Solomon, D. (2000). Toward a post-modern agenda in instruction technology. Educational Technology, Research and Development, 48 (4), 5-20.
Gagné’s Nine Events of Instruction Retrieved from http://online.sfsu.edu/~foreman/itec800/finalprojects/annie/gagne’snineevents.html
Florida, U. O. (n.d.). CUTLA. Retrieved February 27, 2017, from http://uwf.edu/offices/cutla/services-for/assessment/blooms-taxonomy-introduction/